![]() The transition of the society from the old conventions to the modernity is considered to be the central topic of study of Max Weber. Max Weber was the outstanding German sociologist and one of the founders of the sociology as a science. Marx concluded that the capitalistic order would eventually destroy itself and it would be changed by the more progressive socialistic order. Marx stated that the strategy of the capitalistic development lead to the concentration of the capital in the possession of the small social group which enriched itself on the impoverishment of the other social groups. He stressed that the social injustice resulted in the manifestations of workers struggling against “exploitation of children, miserable wages, inhuman working hours, and the sordid conditions of the working class life” (Löwy n.pag.). Such society would ultimately lead to the social alienation of the individuals according to Marx. Thus, Marx compared people in the capitalistic society to ‘commodities’. The profound study of the concept of value added allowed Marx concluding that the capitalistic arrangement ultimately divided the society into the bourgeois who exploited the labor force and the proletariat which had to sell its labor because it was forced to do so in order to survive. The ‘economic kernel’ of this economy is the commodity form of the product of labour” (Löwith & Turner 100). “Yet even Capital is not simply a critique of political economy, but a critique of man in bourgeois society in terms of its economy. The ideas expressed by Marx gave rise to the workers’ movements and the social protests against capitalists’ expansion. The theme which occupied an essential place in Capital is the capitalism system itself which was intrinsically unjust due to “the parasitic exploitation of the labor force by direct producers” (Löwy n.pag.). The objection of capitalism by Marx is explained primarily by his view on its self-destructing nature caused by the inherent contradictions.įurthermore, Marx considered capitalism as the unethical social arrangement leading to the social inequality, poverty, and exploitation. Capital, one of his famous works, represents his ideas on the economic development and social progress emphasizing, in general, the negative side of the capitalistic society. Karl Marx was the outstanding German philosopher and sociologist. “The debate over the relationship between Marx’s political economy and Max Weber’s interpretative sociology, which has raged with varying degrees of intensity since the publication of The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Weber 1932) in 1904, has determined many of the major issues for research in the social sciences in the twentieth century” (Löwith & Turner 1-2). Besides, this time was the period of the close attention of the sociologists to the bourgeois society and the development of capitalism. The major changes in sociological thoughts occurred in the end of the XIX century. The evolution of thoughts on the roots and consequences of capitalism can be explained by the social and economic transformations occurring during the history. The aim of this essay is to compare the approaches and views of Karl Marx and Max Weber on capitalism. Weber studied the concept of capitalism in light of culture and its development, whereas Marx emphasized the economic element of the capitalism. However, their ideas were essentially different. When his talent had reached full maturity he died on 14th June, 1920.The capitalism, its roots and impact on social development were the sphere of interest of the outstanding sociologists Karl Marx and Max Weber. He lectured in the last three years of his life from 1918-1920 in the university of Vienna and Munich. ![]() After recovering from mental breakdown, Weber travelled extensively. ![]() Weber suffered a complete mental breakdown due to his father. Afterwards, he gained and earned varied experiences as a soldier, a professor a politician, a legal expert and also as a sociologist. This tension and conflict in family affected Weber’s feelings and sentiments deeply.Īt the age of 18, Weber joined the University of Heidelberg to study law. These sharp differences between the parents led to marital tensions. But Weber’s mother was a devout Calvinist, a woman who sought to lead on ascetic life. He was more a hedonist than a protestant. Weber’s father was a bureaucrat who rose to a very high political position. He lived most of his early life in Berlin. Max Weber was born on 21st April, 1864 in Erfurt in Germany in a comparatively rich protestant family.
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